Annotated+Bibliography

1. Benchley, Peter. "Gift from the sea." National Geographic Aug. 2005. Gale Science In Context. Web. 28 Sept. 2010. 

Information: Author’s Credentials The author is a journalist for National Geographic. Scope and purpose of the work It is an informational report, intended to educate the average person. Summary: The movie Jaws not only inspired a fear of sharks in people, but it also prompted an interest in sharks. The author describes how the increased interest in sharks promoted increased research on the topic of great white behavior. He cites the successful catch and release of a young female great white who had been held in captivity for 198 days, the longest ever for a white shark. Evaluation: The work is logical, clear, and well researched. The topic has been adequately addressed. The author takes an objective stance. Reflection: This article was helpful to my research, as it brought up a point that I had not previously considered.

2. Spiegel, Jessica. "EVEN JAWS DESERVES TO KEEP HIS FINS: OUTLAWING SHARK FINNING THROUGHOUT GLOBAL WATERS." Boston College. Web. 04 Oct. 2010. . Information: Author's Credentials The Author, Jessica Spiegel is the Senior Executive Editor of the Boston College International and Comparative Law Review. Scope and Purpose of the work It is an informational report, intended to educate the average person. Summary: The article talks about how sharks are being killed for their fins, which are used to make Japanese shark-fin soup. The fishermen who catch the sharks, cut off their fins, and then toss them back into the ocean, while they are still alive. The author talks about how there currently are no shark finning regulations, and we desperately need some. Evaluation: The work is logical, clear, and well researched. The topic has been adequately addressed. The author takes an objective stance. Reflection: This article was helpful to my research, because it gave me information that will allow me to address the topic of conservation as well as people's fear of sharks.

3. The World Conservation Union. "Shark Finning." ICUN Information Paper. The World Conservation Union, n.d. Web. 8 Oct. 2010. <[|www.flmnh.ufl.edu/fish/organizations/ssg/iucnsharkfinningfinal.pdf]>. Information: Author's Credentials The author is the Secretariat for the ICUN, which is a world organization dedicated to informing the population of the world about environmental issues. Scope and purpose of the work It is an Informative Paper, intended to educate those with little or no knowledge about the issue of shark finning. Summary: This information paper provides background information about the practice of shark finning, its social, economic, and environmental consequences, and discusses ways in which effective finning bans may be implemented. Evaluation: The work is logical, clear, and well researched. The topic has been adequately addressed. The author's opinion is clearly biased, in that they highlight the negative affects of shark finning, while proposing a way to ban the practice. Reflection: This article was helpful to my research, because I can take the information presented, and more adequately address the topic of shark finning.

4. Martin, R. Aidan. "JAWS Reconsidered." ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research Home. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2010. . Information: Author's Credentials The author was the Director of the ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research, a Research Associate of the Zoology Department at the University of British Columbia, and a Professor at the Oceanographic Center of Nova Southeastern University. Scope and Purpose of the Work It is an informational article, which is meant to inform the average person about the effects that the movie "Jaws" had on sharks. Summary: This article highlights both the positive and negative effects that the movie "Jaws" had on sharks, and the human perception of sharks. The article states that the huge increase in human aggression against sharks came as a result off the movie. The author states that this is due to Stephen Spielberg's depiction of Great-Whites as “sea-going homicidal maniacs lurking just out of sight off your local beach, ready to shred your very own personal body into strips of bloody flesh or to simply gobble you whole.” Evaluation: The work is logical, clear, and well researched. The topic has been adequately addressed. However, the author's opinion is clearly biased, as he is a conservationist, and focuses mainly on the harm that Stephen Spielberg caused, rather than the good. Reflection: This article was helpful to my research, because it explains detail the effects that the movie industry, specifically Spielberg, has had in the decimation of shark populations.

5. Miller, Bradley. "UnderwaterTimes.com :: View Topic - Selachophobia: A Brief History." UnderwaterTimes.com | News of the Underwater World. National Post, 30 July 2005. Web. 15 Oct. 2010. . Information: Author's Credentials The author is a journalist, for the National Post, a Canadian National News Paper. scope and purpose of the work It is an informational article, which is meant to inform the average person about selachophobia. Summary: This article summarizes the history of selachophobia, which is a deathly fear of sharks where even stepping foot in the ocean creates a massive panic attack. It highlights shark attacks that took place from the late eighteen hundreds up til 2001. Evaluation: The work is logical, clear, and well researched. The topic has been adequately addressed. The author does not seem to have a biased perspective. Reflection: This article was helpful to my research, because it allows me to cite events, other than the release of "Jaws," that prompted the terror some relate to sharks.

6. Legon, Jeordan. "Survey: 'Shark Summer' Bred Fear, Not Facts - Page 2 - CNN." Featured Articles From The CNN. CNN, 14 Mar. 2003. Web. 20 Oct. 2010. . Information: Author's credentials Jeordan Legon, the author, is a journalist for CNN. scope and purpose of the work It is an informational article, intended to educate the average person. Summary: This article describes in depth the how the media hype during the summer of 2001 resulted in "public perception [taking] several steps backwards to the 'Jaws' mentality." Evaluation: The work is logical, clear, and well researched. The topic has been adequately addressed. The author does have a slightly biased perspective, however this does not affect the facts presented. Reflection: This is helpful, because it shows that the news media is also to blame for the widespread fear of sharks.

7. "Shark Finning in the Galapagos | Notes From Sea Level." Home | Notes From Sea Level | Jonbowermaster.com. N.p., 1 Aug. 2009. Web. 26 Oct. 2010. . Information: Author's credentials The author is a researcher living in the Galapagos island. Scope and purpose of the work It is an informational article, intended to educate the average person. Summary: It describes how sharks are being illegally killed in the Galapagos, and law enforcement officials are currently doing very little to stop it. Evaluation: The work is logical, clear, and well researched. The topic has been adequately addressed. The author does not present a biased perspective. Reflection This is helpful, because it shows that there are laws protecting sharks in some areas, however many people choose not to obey them.

8. Mahr, Krista. "Extinction in a Bowl of Shark-Fin Soup - TIME." Breaking News, Analysis, Politics, Blogs, News Photos, Video, Tech Reviews - TIME.com. 09 Aug. 2010. Web. 26 Oct. 2010. . Information: Author's Credentials Krista Mahr, the author of the article, is a journalist for Time Magazine. Scope and Purpose of the Work It is an informational article, intended to educate the average person. Summary: This article describes how sharks are important to the health of other fish species, because they provide population control. The fish that are too slow, or weak are killed, destroying the inferior genes of that fish. Because shark numbers are rapidly dropping, there are fewer weak and diseased fish being removed from the gene pools. Evaluation: The work is logical, clear, and well researched. The topic has been adequately addressed. The author does not present a biased perspective. Reflection: This is helpful, because it shows how important sharks are to the fishing industry, and killing them could potentially ruin the lifestyle of hundreds of millions of people world wide.

9. Thomas, Mat. "Opposing Views: Congress Must Close Loopholes on Cruel Shark Finning." Opposing Views: Issues, Experts, Answers. N.p., 10 May 2010. Web. 26 Oct. 2010. . Information: Author's Credentials The author, Mat Thomas, is an expert in the field of animal rights and societal laws relating to the topic of animal rights. His work is published on Opposing Viewpoints, a source that Dr. V recommends. Scope and Purpose of the Work It is an informational article, intended to educate the average person. Summary: This article describes in detail the current laws in place that protect sharks from cruel methods of fishing, and how the current legislation has gaping holes, that allow finners to get away scot-free. Evaluation: The work is logical, clear, and well researched. The topic has been adequately addressed. The author does present a biased perspective, from the view of an animal rights activist. Reflection This is helpful, because it shows that there are laws protecting sharks, however they are porous, and actually do very little to protect sharks.

10. J. D. Stevens, R. Bonfil, N. K. Dulvy, and P. A. Walker. "The effects of fishing on sharks, rays, and chimaeras (chondrichthyans), and the implications for marine ecosystems â ICES J. Mar. Sci. ." Oxford Journals | Life Sciences | ICES Journal of Marine Science. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Nov. 2010. . Information: Author's Credentials The article is published in Oxford's ICES Journal of Marine Science, and is sponsored by Oxford. Scope and Purpose of the work It is an informational article, intended to educate the average person. Summary: It describes how the decline in populations of predatory fish is causing potentially irreversible damage to marine ecosystems. Evaluation: The work is logical, clear, and well researched. The topic has been adequately addressed. The author does not present a biased perspective. Reflection This discusses how important sharks are to global populations.

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Copley, Jennifer. "Shark Finning Endangers Marine Ecosystems: Sharks Face Extinction Due to Criminal Fin Trade." Suite101.com: Online Magazine and Writers' Network. 04 Apr. 2009. Web. 01 Dec. 2010. . =====

12. Coleman, Loren. The copycat effect: how the media and popular culture trigger the mayhem in tomorrow's headlines. New York: Paraview Pocket Books, 2004. Print.